Makina opanga mafakitale

• 1 Gawo loyambirira la makina opangira mafakitale limatchedwa "bit" kapena chimango ndipo ndi nyumba yomwe imadziwika ndi makinawo.Pang'onopang'ono amapangidwa ndi chitsulo choponyedwa pamakina owongolera manambala apakompyuta (CNC) omwe amapanga kuponyera ndi mabowo oyenerera oyika zigawo.Kupanga pang'ono kumafuna zitsulo zopangira zitsulo, kupanga pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo cha bar, kutentha kutentha, kugaya, ndi kupukuta kuti amalize chimango mogwirizana ndi zofunikira kuti akhazikitse zigawozo.
• 2 Ma mota nthawi zambiri samaperekedwa ndi wopanga koma amawonjezedwa ndi ogulitsa.Kusiyana kwapadziko lonse mumagetsi ndi miyezo ina yamakina ndi magetsi kumapangitsa kuti njirayi ikhale yothandiza kwambiri.
• 3 Zida za pneumatic kapena zamagetsi zitha kupangidwa ndi wopanga kapena kuperekedwa ndi ogulitsa.Kwa makina opanga mafakitale, awa amapangidwa ndi zitsulo osati pulasitiki.Zida zamagetsi sizofunikira m'makina ambiri ogulitsa chifukwa cha ntchito zawo imodzi, zapadera.

Mosiyana ndi makina opanga mafakitale, makina osokera kunyumba ndi amtengo wapatali chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake, kusinthasintha, komanso kusuntha.Nyumba zopepuka ndizofunika, ndipo makina ambiri apanyumba amakhala ndi matumba opangidwa ndi mapulasitiki ndi ma polima omwe ndi opepuka, osavuta kuumba, osavuta kuyeretsa, komanso osamva kung'ambika ndi kusweka.

Makina osokera kunyumba

Kupanga magawo mu fakitale kungaphatikizepo zida zingapo zopangidwa ndendende ndi makina osokera.

Momwe makina osokera amagwirira ntchito.

• 4 Magiya amapangidwa ndi jekeseni wopangidwa ndi jekeseni kapena akhoza kukhala ndi zida zapadera kuti zigwirizane ndi makinawo.
• 5 Miyendo yoyendetsera galimoto yopangidwa ndi chitsulo imawumitsidwa, kuphwanyidwa, ndi kuyesedwa kuti ndi yolondola;mbali zina zimakutidwa ndi zitsulo ndi aloyi kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mwapadera kapena kupereka malo abwino.
• 6 Mapazi osindikizira amapangidwira ntchito zosokera ndipo amatha kusinthana pamakina.Mabowo oyenerera, ma bevel, ndi mabowo amapangidwa pamapazi kuti agwiritse ntchito.Phazi lopondereza lomalizidwa limapukutidwa pamanja ndikukutidwa ndi faifi tambala.
• 7 Chimango cha makina osokera kunyumba / chimapangidwa ndi aluminiyumu yopangidwa ndi jakisoni.Zida zodulira zothamanga kwambiri zokhala ndi zingwe za ceramic, carbide, kapena m'mphepete mwa diamondi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuboola mabowo ndi kugaya mphero ndi pobisalira kuti zikhazikike mbali za makinawo.
• 8 Zophimba zamakina zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zopanga mphamvu kwambiri.Amapangidwanso mwatsatanetsatane kuti agwirizane ndikuteteza zida zamakina.Magawo ang'onoang'ono, amodzi amasonkhanitsidwa kukhala ma module, ngati kuli kotheka.
• 9 Ma board amagetsi amagetsi omwe amawongolera magwiridwe antchito ambiri a makina amapangidwa ndi ma robotiki othamanga kwambiri;Kenako amatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa maola angapo ndipo amayesedwa payekha asanasonkhanitsidwe m'makina.
• 10 Ziwalo zonse zosonkhanitsidwa ine;lowetsani mzere waukulu wa msonkhano.Maloboti amasuntha mafelemu kuchoka ku ntchito kupita ku ntchito, ndipo magulu a ophatikiza amalowetsa ma modules ndi zigawo zake mu makina mpaka atamaliza.Magulu amisonkhano amanyadira zomwe apanga ndipo ali ndi udindo wogula zinthuzo, kuzisonkhanitsa, ndikupanga cheke chowongolera mpaka makinawo atamalizidwa.Monga cheke chomaliza chaubwino, makina aliwonse amayesedwa chitetezo ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zosoka.
• 11 Makina osokera kunyumba amatumizidwa kukalongedza pomwe amasonkhanitsidwa padera ndi zida zowongolera mphamvu zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi phazi.Zida zosiyanasiyana ndi zolemba zamalangizo zimadzaza ndi makina omwewo.Zogulitsa zomwe zapakidwa zimatumizidwa kumalo ogawa komweko.

Dipatimenti yoyang'anira ubwino imayendera zipangizo zonse ndi zigawo zonse zoperekedwa ndi ogulitsa akafika kufakitale.Zinthu izi zimagwirizana ndi mapulani ndi mafotokozedwe.Ziwalozo zimawunikidwanso pagawo lililonse lopangidwa ndi opanga, olandila, kapena anthu omwe amawonjezera zidazo pamzere wa msonkhano.Oyang'anira odziyimira pawokha amawunika malondawo pamagawo osiyanasiyana a msonkhano komanso akamaliza.

Palibe zotulukapo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chopanga makina osokera, ngakhale makina angapo apadera kapena mitundu ingapangidwe pafakitale imodzi.Zinyalala zimachepetsedwanso.Chitsulo, mkuwa, ndi zitsulo zina zimasungidwa ndi kusungunuka kuti zisamangidwe bwino ngati kuli kotheka.Zinyalala zotsalira zazitsulo zimagulitsidwa kwa wogulitsa salvage.

Kuphatikizika kwa luso la makina osokera amagetsi ndi makampani opanga mapulogalamu akupanga zinthu zambiri zopanga makina osinthika awa.Khama lapangidwa kuti apange makina opanda ulusi omwe amabaya madzi otentha omwe amauma ndi kutentha kuti amalize nsonga, koma izi sizingafanane ndi tanthauzo la "kusoka."Zovala zazikulu zimatha kupangidwa ndi makina potengera mapangidwe opangidwa pakompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito AUTOCAD kapena mapulogalamu ena opangira.Pulogalamuyi imalola wopanga kuti achepetse, kukulitsa, kuzungulira, kupanga magalasi, ndikusankha mitundu ndi mitundu ya nsonga zomwe zimatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku satin kupita ku chikopa kuti apange zinthu monga zipewa za baseball ndi jekete.Kuthamanga kwa ntchitoyi kumapangitsa kuti malonda omwe akukondwerera kupambana kwamasiku ano afike pofika tsiku lantchito la mawa.Chifukwa zinthu zotere ndizowonjezera, wopondera nyumba amatha kugula makina osokera kunyumba ndikuwongolera pakapita zaka ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi kapena zomwe amakonda.Makina osokera amakhala zida zopangira payekha ndipo, chifukwa chake, akuwoneka kuti ali ndi tsogolo labwino monga momwe amaganizira wogwiritsa ntchitoyo.

Mabuku

Finniston, Monty, ed.Oxford Illustrated Encyclopedia of Invention and Technology.Oxford University Press, 1992.

Travers, Bridget, ed.Dziko la Invention.Kafukufuku wa Gale, 1994.

Nthawi

Allen, 0. "Mphamvu ya Patents."American Heritage,September/October 1990, p.46.

Foote, Timothy."1846"Smithsonian,Epulo.1996, p.38.

Schwarz, Frederic D. "1846."American Heritage,September 1996, p.101

-Gillian S. Holmes

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